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jc 1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay 119 kit  (MedChemExpress)


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    MedChemExpress jc 1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay 119 kit
    Jc 1 Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay 119 Kit, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 239 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/mitochondrial+membrane+potential+assay+kit/JC-1+Mitochondrial+Membrane+Potential+Assay+Kit/pm42815873-65-3-22
    Average 98 stars, based on 239 article reviews
    jc 1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay 119 kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    98/100 stars

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    MTT Assay:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Staining:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Membrane:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224-1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Porcine deltacoronavirus infection triggers mitophagy to dampen the interferon response and promote viral replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) (Beyotime, ST506), chloroquine (CQ, MCE, HY-17589A), MG132 (Selleck, S2619), Mdivi-1 (Beyotime, SC8028), PEI40000 (YESEN, 40816ES01), carbonyl cyanide3-chlorophenyl-hydrazone (CCCP, MCE, 555-60-2), rapamycin (Rapa, MCE, 53123-88-9). .. Antibodies used were as follows: Tom20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), Lamp1(CST, 9091), COX- 4 (CST, 4850), GAPDH (CST, 5174), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), MAVS (Santa, sc-365333), β-actin (CST, 4970), FUNDC1 (Invitrogen, PA5-58535), Parkin (CST, 4211), TOLLIP (CST, 4748), PDCoV-S (house-made and preserved in our laboratory).

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication.
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224- 1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Nanoscale magnesium hydride alleviates hypoxia-induced myelination deficits in zebrafish
    Article Snippet: After the corresponding treatment, the cells were visualized by fluorescence microscopy (N1-E, Nikon). .. Mitochondrial membrane potential (mitochondrial membrane potential) was assessed using a JC-1-based mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA, HY-K0601) following the manufacturer’s protocol. ..

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Early secretory antigen target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage apoptosis and host defense via TLR2.
    Article Snippet: Trizol reagent was purchased from ThermoFisher (Waltham, MA, USA). .. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1) was obtained from MedChemExpress(Shanghai, China). .. THP-1 cells were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, USA) and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, Shanghai, China) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin.

    Article Title: Early secretory antigen target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibits macrophage apoptosis and host defense via TLR2
    Article Snippet: Trizol reagent was purchased from ThermoFisher (Waltham, MA, USA). .. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1) was obtained from MedChemExpress(Shanghai, China). .. THP-1 cells were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, USA) and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, Shanghai, China) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin, and streptomycin.

    Multiple Displacement Amplification:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Electrophoresis:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    SDS Page:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Isolation:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224-1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Porcine deltacoronavirus infection triggers mitophagy to dampen the interferon response and promote viral replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) (Beyotime, ST506), chloroquine (CQ, MCE, HY-17589A), MG132 (Selleck, S2619), Mdivi-1 (Beyotime, SC8028), PEI40000 (YESEN, 40816ES01), carbonyl cyanide3-chlorophenyl-hydrazone (CCCP, MCE, 555-60-2), rapamycin (Rapa, MCE, 53123-88-9). .. Antibodies used were as follows: Tom20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), Lamp1(CST, 9091), COX- 4 (CST, 4850), GAPDH (CST, 5174), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), MAVS (Santa, sc-365333), β-actin (CST, 4970), FUNDC1 (Invitrogen, PA5-58535), Parkin (CST, 4211), TOLLIP (CST, 4748), PDCoV-S (house-made and preserved in our laboratory).

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication.
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224- 1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    DNA Extraction:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504, 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disul- https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb48020138 firam, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa16 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Article Title: Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing Ferroptosis and Activating the cGAS-STING Pathway
    Article Snippet: .. Cucurbitacin B (CuB) (Yuanye, Shanghai, China, CAS#: 6199-67-3, No: JB245504 , 98% purity); Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, No: GR3378683-6); HepG2-specific medium (Procell, Wuhan, China); 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo, Waltham, MA, USA); MTT (LabLead, Beijing, China); Dimethyl Sulfoxide(DMSO) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detection Kit, DAPI Stain, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (JC-1), Total GSH Detection Kit, Lipid Peroxidation Detection Kit (BODIPY 581/591 C11) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China); Z-VAD-FMK, Necrostatin-1, Disulfiram, Ferrostatin-1, Liproxstatin-1 (MCE, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA); FeRhoNox-1 (Abmole, Houston, Texas, USA); Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Assay Kit (AIDISHENG, Yancheng, China); Tris-Glycine-SDS Electrophoresis Buffer, Tris-Glycine Transfer Buffer, SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit (Boster, Wuhan, China); Bicinchoninic Acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (UtiBody, Tianjin, China); Mitochondria Isolation Kit, Animal Tissue/Cell Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Solarbio, Beijing, China); ACSL4/FACL4 Polyclonal antibody, BAX Polyclonal antibody, Caspase 3/P17/P19 Polyclonal antibody, SLC7A11/xCT Polyclonal antibody, GPX4 Polyclonal antibody, BCL2 Polyclonal antibody, TMEM173/STING Polyclonal antibody, CD71 Polyclonal antibody, IRF3 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-IRF3 (Ser396) Recombinant antibody, TBK1 Polyclonal antibody, Phospho-TBK1 (Ser172) Recombinant antibody, cGAS Polyclonal antibody, IFN-beta Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech, Wuhan, China). .. Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 (CL-0103), mouse-derived hepatoma cell line Hepa1-6 (CL-0105), and human immortalized liver cell line THLE-2 (CL-0833) were obtained from Procell and cultured in accordance with guidance from Procell.

    Protein Extraction:

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224-1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication.
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224- 1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    CCK-8 Assay:

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224-1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication.
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224- 1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Cell Counting:

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224-1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).

    Article Title: Increased ROS levels activate AMPK-ULK1-mediated mitophagy to promote pseudorabies virus replication.
    Article Snippet: .. Reagents used were as follows: Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0033S), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, Beyotime, S0077), Enhanced Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit with JC-1 (Beyotime, C2003S), DAPI (Beyotime, C1002), Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit (Beyotime, P0027), Cell Mitochondria Isolation Kit (Beyotime, C3601), CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit (CCK-8, Vazyme, A311-01), Dorsomorphin (MCE, HY-13418A), MCU-i4 (TargetMol, T9031), Rhod-2,AM (Yeasen, 40776ES50), Sulforaphane (MCE, HY-13755). .. Antibodies used were as follows: GAPDH (CST, 5174), COX4 (CST, 4850), SQSTM1/P62 (CST, 8025), LC3B (CST, 3868), Parkin (CST, 4211), OPA1 (CST, 80471), DRP1 (CST, 8570), phospho-DRP1 Ser616 (CST, 4494), MFN1 (CST, 14739), Phospho-AMPKa (Thr172) (CST, 2535 T), Phospho-ULK1 (Ser555) (CST, 5869), β-actin (CST, 4970), MFN2 (Proteintech, 121861-AP), AMPK (Proteintech, 10929-2-AP), Tubulin (Proteintech, 11224- 1-AP), Nrf2 (Proteintech, 805931-RR), Keap1 (Proteintech, 80744-1-RR), HO-1 (Proteintech, 66743–1-Ig), NQO1 (Proteintech, 67240-1-Ig), Phospho-PINK1 Ser228 (affinity, AF7081), Phospho-Parkin Ser65 (affinity, AF3500), TOM20 (Santa Cruz, sc-17764), ULK1 (Santa Cruz, sc-3909044), GCLC (santa, sc-390811).



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    In vitro epithelial responses to fluoropyrimidine exposure under acute and repeated-exposure conditions. (A) Experimental workflow for acute exposure and the 7-day repeated-exposure model in GES-1 and NCM460 cells. (B) Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release after acute exposure. (C) Reactive oxygen species levels <t>and</t> <t>JC-1</t> red/green ratios after acute exposure. (D, E) Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species levels, and JC-1 red/green ratios after repeated exposure. (F) qPCR-based heatmap showing relative transcript abundance of barrier-related genes, epithelial inflammatory-response genes, selected signaling-related genes, and extracellular-matrix-remodeling genes. Gene symbols represent mRNA targets and do not indicate protein abundance. (G) Schematic summary of the observed epithelial responses. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Groups were compared using ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test versus vehicle control.
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    Image Search Results


    In vitro epithelial responses to fluoropyrimidine exposure under acute and repeated-exposure conditions. (A) Experimental workflow for acute exposure and the 7-day repeated-exposure model in GES-1 and NCM460 cells. (B) Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release after acute exposure. (C) Reactive oxygen species levels and JC-1 red/green ratios after acute exposure. (D, E) Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species levels, and JC-1 red/green ratios after repeated exposure. (F) qPCR-based heatmap showing relative transcript abundance of barrier-related genes, epithelial inflammatory-response genes, selected signaling-related genes, and extracellular-matrix-remodeling genes. Gene symbols represent mRNA targets and do not indicate protein abundance. (G) Schematic summary of the observed epithelial responses. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Groups were compared using ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test versus vehicle control.

    Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

    Article Title: Fluoropyrimidine-associated gastrointestinal toxicity: pharmacovigilance reporting signals and in vitro evidence of epithelial injury, barrier impairment, and inflammatory responses

    doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1934652

    Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro epithelial responses to fluoropyrimidine exposure under acute and repeated-exposure conditions. (A) Experimental workflow for acute exposure and the 7-day repeated-exposure model in GES-1 and NCM460 cells. (B) Cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release after acute exposure. (C) Reactive oxygen species levels and JC-1 red/green ratios after acute exposure. (D, E) Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species levels, and JC-1 red/green ratios after repeated exposure. (F) qPCR-based heatmap showing relative transcript abundance of barrier-related genes, epithelial inflammatory-response genes, selected signaling-related genes, and extracellular-matrix-remodeling genes. Gene symbols represent mRNA targets and do not indicate protein abundance. (G) Schematic summary of the observed epithelial responses. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. Groups were compared using ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test versus vehicle control.

    Article Snippet: Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using a JC-1 Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (MedChemExpress, catalog no. HY-K0601).

    Techniques: In Vitro, Quantitative Proteomics, Comparison, Control